Anyone who receives a deep or dirty wound and has not had a booster shot over the last 5 years should have another booster. A patient in this situation may also be given tetanus immune globulin, which works to prevent infection. It is important that medical attention is sought swiftly as tetanus immune globulin only works for a short time after the injury.
In many countries, the average doctor may never see a patient with tetanus. This is because the tetanus vaccine is part of childhood immunization and the infection has become rare. In the U. The earlier a patient is diagnosed with tetanus, the more effective the treatment will be. A patient with muscle spasms and stiffness who has recently had a wound or cut is usually diagnosed quickly.
Diagnosis may take longer with patients who inject drugs because they often have other medical conditions. They made need a blood test for confirmation. If the patient does not receive treatment, the risk of life-threatening complications is higher. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. It gathers information from all over the body and coordinates activity. We explore…. An eyelid twitch can be very frustrating, especially when it is an ongoing problem.
However, there are more common causes, such as benign essential…. Antibiotics include a range of powerful drugs that kill bacteria or slow their growth. They treat bacterial infections, not viruses. If used…. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
Anyone can develop pneumonia, but certain groups of people…. Penicillins are a group of antibiotics used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. They are derived from fungi, and their medical properties…. This content does not have an Arabic version.
Overview Tetanus is a serious disease of the nervous system caused by a toxin-producing bacterium. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. More Information Tetanus shots: Is it risky to receive 'extra' boosters? Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Bennett JE, et al. Tetanus Clostridium tetani. Elsevier; Accessed March 4, Tetanus: For clinicians. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Thwaites L. Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis Tdap vaccination. Mayo Clinic; Fowler GC, et al.
Wound dressing. Havers FP, et al. Use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccines: Updated recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices — United States, What are the symptoms of tetanus?
These are the most common symptoms of tetanus: Stiff jaw also called lockjaw Stiff abdominal and back muscles Contraction of the facial muscles Fast pulse Fever Sweating Painful muscle spasms, especially near the wound area if these affect the throat or chest wall, breathing may be stopped Trouble swallowing The symptoms of tetanus may look like other medical conditions.
How is tetanus diagnosed? Diagnosis is based on a complete history and physical exam. How is tetanus treated? Your healthcare provider will determine your specific treatment for tetanus based on: How old you are Your overall health and medical history How sick you are How well you can handle specific medicines, procedures, or therapies How long the condition is expected to last Your opinion or preference Treatment for tetanus or to reduce the risk of tetanus after an injury may include: Medicines to control spasms Thorough cleaning of the wound A course of tetanus antitoxin injections Use of a ventilator breathing machine if you have trouble breathing on your own Antibiotics Other medicines to control pain and other symptoms such as fast heartbeat What are the complications of tetanus?
Complications of tetanus can include: Vocal cord spasms Broken bones due to severe muscle spasms Breathing problems Pneumonia High blood pressure or abnormal heart rhythms Pulmonary embolism blood clot in the lung Can tetanus be prevented? When should I call my healthcare provider? Key points about tetanus Tetanus is an acute, sometimes fatal, disease of the central nervous system, caused by the toxin of the bacterium clostridium tetani.
The bacterium clostridium tetani usually enters the body through an open wound. It can also be found in the human intestine and other places. Symptoms of tetanus may include stiffness of the jaw, abdominal, and back muscles, fast pulse, fever, sweating, painful muscle spasms and difficulty swallowing.
The tetanus vaccine can reduce the risk of the disease after an injury. Minus Related Pages. Tetanus Vaccination. Tetanus Vaccine Basics This page offers comprehensive information about tetanus vaccines and other educational tools.
Vaccine Safety Tetanus vaccines can cause minor reactions, including pain and redness at the injection site, headache, fatigue, or discomfort.
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